Название: Quantum Computing: A Shift from Bits to Qubits
Автор: Rajiv Pandey, Nidhi Srivastava, Neeraj Kumar Singh
Издательство: Springer
Серия: Studies in Computational Intelligence
Год: 2023
Страниц: 487
Язык: английский
Формат: pdf (true)
Размер: 10.2 MB

The edited book is a consolidated handbook on quantum computing that covers quantum basic science and mathematics to advanced concepts and applications of quantum computing and quantum Machine Learning applied to diverse domains. The book includes dedicated chapters on introduction to quantum computing, its practical applications, the working behind quantum systems, quantum algorithms, quantum communications, and quantum cryptography. Each challenge that can be addressed with quantum technologies is further discussed from theoretical and practical perspectives. The book is divided into five parts: Part I: Scientific Theory for Quantum, Part II: Quantum Computing: Building Concepts, Part III: Quantum Algorithms - Theory & Applications, Part IV: Quantum Simulation Tools & Demonstrations, and Part V: Future Direction and Applications.

Quantum computers work on quantum bits known as Qubit. Qubits are the backbone behind the working of the quantum computer. For every Qubit, two possible values allow performing most calculations simultaneously. A Qubit can be anything that exhibits quantum behavior. Quantum computers, with the use of superposition and entanglement, can store a vast amount of information which is not possible now. This superposition of Qubit being 0 or 1 is a powerful feature that can be exploited in many valuable ways.

Quantum computers can be of help in many ways spanning across domains. It can simulate and analyze molecules for drug development and materials design, optimizing supply chain logistics, traffic flow, etc. One more advantage of this is that it is almost impossible to crack quantum encryption, which is based on the laws of physics rather than mathematics which most of the encryption algorithms are based on in classical computers.

Although quantum computing was introduced a few decades back, many barriers must be overcome before it can be used to its full potential. The coordination between the qubits gets disturbed if there is environmental disruption like temperature variations, mechanical vibrations, stray electromagnetic fields, etc. Thus this reduces the system’s reliability. Thus there is a need to isolate these machines, so there is no disturbance. Error-correction routines can also correct this. For each Qubit, at least five error-correcting qubits are needed. However, this increases the complexity and also the cost of the computers. The government and private sector are spending vast amounts of money to exploit these features of quantum physics in computing. If used to its full potential, quantum computing can bring revolution; still, lots of work needs to be done in this field.

We received a total of 48 chapters, and through a peer-reviewed process, we narrowed out 23 chapters into five parts. The book includes chapters dedicated to an introduction to quantum computing, the work behind these systems, quantum algorithms, quantum communications, quantum cryptography, and practical applications of quantum computing.

The book shall help the user understand the theory, concepts, working principles, simulation tools, and future direction of quantum computing. Our focus in the book is to detail quantum computing, a contemporary subject of research gaining popularity both in academia and industry. The benefits of quantum technology can be reaped in several ways. The book should answer the thriving question: how and when can quantum technologies be considered?

It will be dedicated to both theoreticians and practitioners, allowing them to get experience in applying quantum computing technology backed by solid theoretical foundations. It could be used as a supplementary tutorial in academic quantum technologies/computing courses, primarily by graduate students and application engineers. Quantum computing is a regular topic in significant signal processing, high-performance computing, Machine Learning, and other advanced technical conferences. This book may be a reference manual for many research articles.

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