Название: Requirements Engineering for Safety-Critical Systems
Автор: Luiz Eduardo G. Martins, Tony Gorschek
Издательство: River Publishers
Серия: River Publishers Series in Software Engineering
Год: 2022
Страниц: 230
Язык: английский
Формат: pdf (true)
Размер: 10.1 MB

Safety-Critical Systems (SCS) are increasingly present in people's daily activities. In the means of transport, in medical treatments, in industrial processes, in the control of air, land, maritime traffic, and many other situations, we use and depend on SCS. The requirements engineering of any system is crucial for the proper development of the same, and it becomes even more relevant for the development of SCS. Requirements Engineering is a discipline that focuses on the development of techniques, methods, processes, and tools that assist in the design of software and systems, covering the activities of elicitation, analysis, modeling and specification, validation, and management of requirements. The complete specification of system requirements establishes the basis for its architectural design. It offers a description of the functional and quality aspects that should guide the implementation and system evolution. In this book, we discuss essential elements of requirements engineering applied to SCS, such as the relationship between safety/hazard analysis and requirements specification, a balance between conservative and Agile methodologies during SCS development, the role of requirements engineering in safety cases, and requirements engineering maturity model for SCS. This book provides relevant insights for professionals, students, and researchers interested in improving the quality of the SCS development process, making system requirements a solid foundation for improving the safety and security of future systems.

Software development methodologies are followed to develop safety-critical systems. The Chapter 4 discusses the key features of Agile software development methodologies in the definition of safety requirements. We also explain the main phases of requirements engineering and agile approaches proposed to each of these phases. We provide a discussion about a balance between conservative and agile methodologies during Safety-Critical Systems (SCS) development. The main characteristic of the Agile paradigm is that the stages are performed iteratively in which a small set of features are implemented in each iteration. XP (eXtreme Programming) and Scrum are examples of software processes that belong to this paradigm. Finally, the development based on reuse and model-driven development (MDD) are examples of emergent software development processes in which a set of principles are followed. Regardless of the software development paradigm adopted, they have a common set of four activities considered fundamental to software engineering: software specification, software design and implementation, software validation, and software evolution. In this chapter, our emphasis will be on software specification, one activity of Requirements Engineering (RE), in Agile software processes.

The “River Publishers Series in Software Engineering” is a series of comprehensive academic and professional books which focus on the theory and applications of Computer Science in general, and more specifically Programming Languages, Software Development and Software Engineering.