Название: Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR): Foundations and Methods of Extended Realities (XR)
Автор: Ralf Doerner, Wolfgang Broll, Paul Grimm
Издательство: Springer
Год: 2022
Страниц: 435
Язык: английский
Формат: pdf (true)
Размер: 18.9 MB

This comprehensive textbook offers a scientifically sound and at the same time practical introduction to Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR). Readers will gain the theoretical foundation needed to design, implement or enhance VR/AR systems, evaluate and improve user interfaces and applications using VR/AR methods, assess and enrich user experiences, and develop a deeper understanding of how to apply VR/AR techniques.

Whether utilizing the book for a principal course of study or reference reading, students of computer science, education, media, natural sciences, engineering and other subject areas can benefit from its in-depth content and vivid explanation. The modular structure allows selective sequencing of topics to the requirements of each teaching unit and provides an easy-to-use format from which to choose specific themes for individual self-study.

Instructors are provided with extensive materials for creating courses as well as a foundational text upon which to build their advanced topics. The book enables users from both research and industry to deal with the subject in detail so they can properly assess the extent and benefits of VR/AR deployment and determine required resources.

Technology enthusiasts and professionals can learn about the current status quo in the field of VR/AR and interested newcomers can gain insight into this fascinating world. Grounded on a solid scientific foundation, this textbook, addresses topics such as perceptual aspects of VR/AR, input and output devices including tracking, interactions in virtual worlds, real-time aspects of VR/AR systems and the authoring of VR/AR applications in addition to providing a broad collection of case studies.

What is Virtual Reality (VR)? What is Augmented Reality (AR)? What is the purpose of VR/AR? What are the basic concepts? What are the hard- and software components of VR/AR systems? How has VR/AR developed historically? We call a VR system a computer system consisting of suitable hardware and software to implement the concept of Virtual Reality. We call the content represented by the VR system a virtual world . The virtual world includes, for example, models of objects, their behavioral description for the simulation model and their arrangement in space. If a virtual world is presented with a VR system, we speak of a virtual environment for one or more users.

The Chapter 5 discusses output devices and technologies for Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR). The goal of using output devices is to enable the user to dive into the virtual world or to perceive the augmented world. Devices for visual output play a crucial role here, they are of central importance for the use of VR and AR. First and foremost, Head-Mounted Displays (HMD) must be mentioned, the different types of which are discussed in detail here. However, VR also uses different forms of stationary displays, which are another major topic of this chapter. Finally, output devices for other senses are reviewed, namely acoustic and haptic outputs.

Contents:
1. Introduction to Virtual and Augmented Reality
2. Perceptual Aspects of VR
3. Virtual Worlds
4. VR/AR Input Devices and Tracking
5. VR/AR Output Devices
6. Interaction in Virtual Worlds
7. Real-Time Aspects of VR Systems
8. Augmented Reality
9. VR/AR Case Studies
10. Authoring of VR/AR Applications
11. Mathematical Foundations of VR/AR